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William Rand (physician)
William Rand (''fl.'' 1650–1660) was an English physician who projected general reforms in medical education, practice and publication. His views were Paracelsian and Helmontian,〔Antonio Clericuzio, ''Elements, Principles and Corpuscles: a study of atomism and chemistry in the seventeenth century'' (2000), p. 90; (Google Books ).〕 and he participated in the Hartlib Circle.
==Life==
According to Gillian Darley, Rand's father was a physician at Wotton, Surrey, connected to the Evelyn family. William Rand studied medicine at the University of Louvain.〔Gillian Darley, ''John Evelyn: Living for ingenuity'' (2006), p. 146–7.〕 It has been suggested also, by Charles Webster, that he was a Cambridge graduate, and son of the apothecary James Rand, matching him rather tentatively to the William Rand who matriculated at Catharine Hall, Cambridge in 1633; this Rand studied at the University of Leiden, though was MD of another institution.〔Charles Webster, ''The Great Instauration: science, medicine and reform, 1626–1660'' (1976), p. 301.〕 In any case Rand was unlicensed by the London College of Physicians.〔Andrew Wear, ''Knowledge and Practice in English Medicine, 1550–1680'' (2000), p. 357; (Google Books ).〕 He worked as an apothecary to the parliamentary hospital at Ely House.〔Harold J. Cook, ''Practical Medicine and the British Armed Forces after the "Glorious Revolution"'', Medical History (1990), 34, pp. 1–26; (Online ), p. 15 of PDF.〕
In 1652 he addressed thoughts to Samuel Hartlib on reform of the book trade. Natural philosophers found it difficult to get into print, and booksellers were rapacious. Rand suggested a way round the stationers' monopoly, with a system of scholarly licensing.〔John Barnard, Donald Francis McKenziep, ''The Cambridge History of the Book in Britain: 1557–1695'' (2002), p. 298; (Google Books ).〕〔Roy Porter, Katharine Park, Lorraine Daston, ''The Cambridge History of Science: Early modern science'' (2004), p. 328; (Google Books ).〕
In 1656 he contributed to the programme of Hartlib and Robert Boyle for the reform of science, advocating the establishment of a College of Graduate Physicians.〔〔Charles Webster, ''Samuel Hartlib and the Advancement of Learning'' (2010), p. 59; (Google Books ).〕 The project had the support of Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh, who was Boyle's sister. A proposal for a Society of Chemical Physicians of the 1660s, again Helmontian in attitude, for a while gathered some momentum.〔Peter Elmer, ''The Healing Arts: health, disease and society in Europe, 1500–1800'' (2006), p. 129; (Google Books ).〕 Charles Webster has argued for some continuity from Rand's group to the 1665 group behind the Society of Chemical Physicians; but the latter had notable court patronage too placing it in a very different part of the political spectrum, as well as being open to those without medical degrees.〔Harold J. Cook, ''The Society of Chemical Physicians, the New Philosophy, and the Restoration Court'', Bulletin of the History of Medicine (1987), 61, pp. 61–77; (Online ), at p. 62.〕
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